What process is indicated by the term 'sublimation'?

What process is indicated by the term 'sublimation'?

• A. Changing from liquid to vapor
• B. Changing from solid to gas
• C. Changing from liquid to solid
• D. Changing from gas to liquid

Answer: (B)

Sublimation refers to the process where a substance transitions directly from a solid state to a gas state without passing through the liquid phase. This phenomenon occurs under specific temperature and pressure conditions, often seen with substances like dry ice (solid carbon dioxide) and iodine. In sublimation, molecules in the solid gain enough energy to overcome intermolecular forces and escape into the gaseous phase. This unique transition distinguishes it from other phase changes, such as melting (solid to liquid) or condensation (gas to liquid). Therefore, the definition aligns precisely with option B, which correctly identifies the conversion of a solid directly into a gas.

Sublimation refers to the process where a substance transitions directly from a solid state to a gas state without passing through the liquid phase. This phenomenon occurs under specific temperature and pressure conditions, often seen with substances like dry ice (solid carbon dioxide) and iodine.

In sublimation, molecules in the solid gain enough energy to overcome intermolecular forces and escape into the gaseous phase. This unique transition distinguishes it from other phase changes, such as melting (solid to liquid) or condensation (gas to liquid). Therefore, the definition aligns precisely with option B, which correctly identifies the conversion of a solid directly into a gas.